Readings for The Epiphany of the Lord:
• Is 60:1-6
• Ps 72:1-2, 7-8, 10-11, 12-13
• Eph 3:2-3a, 5-6
• Mt 2:1-12
“You have revealed Yourself to the world today, and your light, O Lord, has shined upon us,” declares one of the Byzantine kontakions, or hymns, for the Feast of the Epiphany (called the Feast of the Theophany in the Eastern churches). “You have come and revealed Yourself, O Inaccessible Light.”
As is common in many of the Eastern hymns and prayers, there is joyous reveling in the great mystery and paradox of the Incarnation. God is inaccessible, yet has made himself accessible in the most surprising way: by being born in a cave to a Jewish virgin. “Behold,” states the Christmas Vespers, “the image of the Father and his immutable Eternity has taken the form of a servant!” The Creator has become creature; the Eternal has become man; the Divine has taken on flesh.
Today’s feast celebrates the epiphaneia—that is, the appearance and manifestation—of God in the form of a man, Jesus of Nazareth. Down through time, between the East and the West, the feast has focused to varying degrees on three key events: the visitation of the Magi, the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan, and the turning of water into wine at the wedding feast of Cana. Each of these events manifests and reveals the truth of the Incarnation and spills forth the glory of God.
The magi, traveling afar (likely from Persia), paid homage to the newborn King of kings. They represent the first of the Gentiles brought into the family of God through the Christ-child (see Catechism of the Catholic Church, par. 528). St. Paul, in today’s epistle, writes of the “mystery” that “the Gentiles are coheirs, members of the same body,” the Church. The “catholic” nature of the new covenant would, of course, prove to be a source of consternation and conflict, just as the questions asked by the magi would provoke Herod to jealousy and rage.
We are so familiar with the story of the magi that it is possible to be dulled to the paradox of wealthy, educated rulers from the East bestowing precious gifts upon a Jewish baby in a humble home with a dirt floor. Was the star enough to convince them of the baby’s importance? Pope Benedict XVI, in his 2007 homily for this feast day, said there was something more. “In comparison with King Herod,” he said, “beset with his interests of power and riches, the Magi were directed toward the goal of their quest and when they found it, although they were cultured men, they behaved like the shepherds of Bethlehem: they recognized the sign and adored the Child, offering him the precious and symbolic gifts that they had brought with them.”
What the magi recognized, by God’s grace, was the presence of glory, light, and splendor, cradled in the arms of Mary, the mother of Jesus. Today’s Old Testament reading from the prophet Isaiah describes how darkness and thick clouds “covers the peoples”—the nations of the earth—but that light has come to Jerusalem, “the glory of the Lord shines upon you.” Many of the Jews rejected the light, just as some walked in it, as did Mary, the mother of God. Nations, rulers, men, and women choose to either see the splendor or to retreat into the darkness.
During Advent, we anticipated the parousia—the presence—of the King; the Feast of the Epiphany marks the fulfillment of that anticipation. The glory that slowly lit the Advent sky has now burst forth in the person of the Son. If Christmas is the celebration of God quietly invading the dark lands of humanity, Epiphany is the celebration, in part, of man recognizing the love and light of the invasion.
“The glory of God,” the Catechism teaches, “consists in the realization of this manifestation and communication of his goodness, for which the world was created” (par. 294). Man was made to share in God’s glory, and God’s glory is demonstrated in the salvation of man.
To God alone be glory. Soli Deo Gloria!
(This “Opening the Word” column originally appeared in the January 3, 2010, edition of Our Sunday Visitor newspaper.)
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Look East is an age old dictum. The Wise Men came from the East.
The Magi went to meet the Saviour, they came out of the east. This is the over-arching meaning in their appearance; because, from “here, our point of departure”, as JPII would say, from this our “threshold of hope”, we set out with the Lord for Calvary.
The magi, traveling afar [likely from Persia], paid homage to the newborn King of Kings (Olson).
Israel [approx 70 years] resided Mesopotamia during the Babylonian exile. Nebuchadnezzar 605-562 BC ruled during the approx time frame of the Exile, his empire including most of the major nations, a large swath of W Persia. It’s likely during those 70 years the Jews, who adopted Babylonian script, the basis of Hebrew disseminated knowledge [even inadvertently] of the prophets, Isaiah, others forecasting the messiah.
I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near; A Star shall come out of Jacob; A Scepter shall rise out of Israel, And batter the brow of Moab, And destroy all the sons of tumult (Numbers 24:17). Origen associates this prophecy with the Star of Bethlehem. It’s feasible that Persian scholars [wisemen] were aware of this passage. From wisemen to kings seems an addition.
“They represent the first of the Gentiles brought into the family of God through the Christ-child” (Olson). This is the commonly held opinion of biblical scholars, as well as the Church. Man [Mankind in general] ‘recognizes’ the “light [and love] of the invasion” says Olson.
If it certainly was an epiphany for the Jews, the chosen people, it was a recognition narrowed down to a few, the plan of God unfolding as given account by the Apostle, that by Jewish rejection the Light be spread to all Mankind, eventually to return to by inclusion of the remaining Jews. God’s love through wisdom becoming all inclusive.